What Causes Canker Sores? 7 Surprising Triggers You Should Know

3 minute read
What Causes Canker Sores? Complete Guide for Adults & Teens

What Causes Canker Sores? Complete Guide for Adults & Teens

Canker sores, also known as aphthous ulcers, are small, painful sores that appear inside the mouth. Though not contagious, they can be incredibly annoying and disruptive. In this article, we’ll explore the most common causes of canker sores and provide practical tips for prevention—especially for adults and teenagers who frequently experience them.

Who Gets Canker Sores?

  • Teenagers and young adults
  • Women (due to hormonal changes)
  • People with braces or dentures
  • Anyone with a weakened immune system or nutritional deficiencies

Main Causes of Canker Sores

1. Minor Injuries in the Mouth

Biting your cheek, brushing too hard, or irritation from braces or dentures can lead to canker sores.

2. Stress and Lack of Sleep

Emotional stress or physical exhaustion can trigger outbreaks. Teenagers during exams and adults with high workloads are common sufferers.

3. Certain Foods

Acidic, spicy, or salty foods can irritate the mouth lining. Common triggers include citrus fruits, tomatoes, chips, and chocolate.

4. Nutritional Deficiencies

Lack of vitamin B12, iron, folic acid, or zinc weakens your body’s ability to repair mouth tissues.

5. Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) in Toothpaste

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SLS is a foaming agent found in many toothpastes. It can dry out or irritate the mouth, triggering canker sores in sensitive users.

6. Hormonal Changes

Fluctuations during menstruation or pregnancy can cause mouth ulcers, especially in women.

7. Underlying Medical Conditions

Recurring canker sores may be a symptom of conditions like celiac disease, Crohn’s disease, lupus, or HIV/AIDS. If ulcers persist, consult a doctor.

How to Prevent Canker Sores

  • Practice good oral hygiene – Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and SLS-free toothpaste.
  • Eat a balanced diet – Include foods rich in B12, iron, and folate.
  • Avoid food triggers – Stay away from spicy, acidic, or hard foods.
  • Manage stress – Get enough sleep, meditate, and take breaks when needed.
  • Protect your mouth – Use orthodontic wax if you wear braces or dentures.

When to See a Doctor

Consult a healthcare provider if:

  • Sores last more than 2 weeks
  • You experience frequent or unusually large ulcers
  • You have a high fever or severe pain

Final Thoughts

Canker sores may seem like a small issue, but they can significantly impact your daily life. Understanding what causes them—and how to prevent them—can help you avoid discomfort and live ulcer-free. Take care of your mouth, reduce stress, eat well, and always stay hydrated!

Found this helpful? Share it with your friends and family who might be struggling with canker sores!

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